A Review Of ลิมโบเบท
lots of scholars of your Tai peoples think about the Zhuang and Nùng for being essentially exactly the same people today, only one ethnic team.[7] in the course of the early eleventh century, ethnic identities and boundaries ended up additional fluid than in the fashionable Sino-Vietnamese borderland. The Zhuang leader Nong Zhigao was defeated in 1055 by the music dynasty. experienced he gained, it can be done that he may have recognized a state underneath his personal clan name, Nong. in its place, his individuals in China ongoing for being generally known as Zhuang, which in their very own language signifies "cave", even though in Vietnam they came being referred to as Nùng.
The Guangyuan zhou male-barbarian Nong clan arrived from your south west... of Yongzhou and held the districts there. The terrain was steep mountains and inaccessible valleys; it produced gold and cinnabar. an excellent many people lived there. They wore their hair long and fixed their clothes around the remaining.
[4] not too long ago the Tày and Nùng are already called a mixed Tày-Nùng minority.[5] even so these ethnonyms certainly are a recent phenomenon and did not exist until finally the fashionable age. In line with Keith Taylor, the Vietnamese terms were being "classes of French colonial expertise" accustomed to differentiate highlanders from lowlanders. The ethnic Zhuang was an item on the "ethnic identification undertaking" pursued in fifties China.[six]
concurrently The federal government created “New Economic Zones” along the Chinese border and in the Central Highlands. usually this involved using the ideal land in an effort to resettle 1000s of folks within the overcrowded lowlands.[50] As rigidity arose concerning Vietnam and China in 1975, Hanoi feared the loyalty of the Nùng as well as Chinese-Vietnamese. once the Sino-Vietnamese War, assist for Nùng Trí Cao may be read as anti-Chinese, as he was predominantly viewed as being a rebel from Chinese authority.[53][fifty four] Nevertheless, in the 1980s, an estimated 250,000 ethnic Vietnamese were settled during the mountainous regions along the Chinese border, resulting in a scarcity of food in the area and far suffering.[51][50]
Using the conclusion in the track–Đại Việt war in 1078, the Nùng north of the border grew to become far more sinicized by accepting larger integration in the Chinese tributary process although the Tai-Talking people south from the border in Đại Việt remained inside of a patron-consumer romance Using the Viet court docket. These Tai-Talking communities lived from the mountainous areas of Việt Bắc and many in their interaction with Viets was through the Các Lái, Kinh (Vietnamese) merchants who experienced attained authorities licenses for trade during the uplands in return for tribute towards the court docket. Assimilation with broader society wasn't essential not like in China. The Viet court docket ruled the frontier area using a procedure just like the Chinese Tusi referred to as thổ ty.
[40] The Nùng had been exceptional towards the Tho in cultivating soaked rice and transformed poor lands, facilitating later migrations into adjoining spots. The recurring violent incursions on the Taiping period as well as the Black Flag occupation accelerated the outflow of Tho as the bands from China were being mostly Zhuang who favored the Nùng for the cost of the Tho. The Tho who remained turned alienated with the Vietnamese federal government which couldn't offer defense and have become shoppers from the Chinese along with the Nùng.[40]
The Tày and Nùng often intermarried, Even though the Tày appear to have been held in bigger regard.[eleven]
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ดูหนังออนไลน์ เว็บเดียวจบทุกการดูหนัง เว็บดูหนังของเรามีครบทุกอย่าง ไม่ว่าจะเป็น หนัง หรือ ซีรี่ย์ , การ์ตูน หรือ อนิเมะ เรามีหมด ซีรี่ย์จีน ซีรี่ย์เกาหลี อัพเดทก่อนใคร เรามีทีมงานแปลซับไทยเอง ทุกเรื่อง รวมถึง การ์ตูนอนิเมะด้วยเช่นกัน ซึ่งเราจะนำมาอัพเดทให้ดูกันฟรีๆ ไม่มีค่าใช้จ่าย
In 1833, Nông Văn Vân, a Nùng chieftain, led a rebellion versus Vietnamese rule. He immediately took Charge of Cao Bằng, Tuyên Quang, Thái Nguyên and Lạng Sơn provinces, aiming to create a check here individual Tày-Nùng state while in the northern region of Vietnam.
1 basic, Chen Shu, attacked early with 8,000 Adult males and endured a defeat from the Zhuang forces. Di Qing executed him and 31 officers. He then marched his forces underneath include of evening and blocked the Kunlun Pass east of Yongzhou. Zhigao attacked the tune forces in early 1054. The Zhuang wore vivid crimson uniforms and fought in models of three armed with lengthy shields that Superior "like fire."[35] one particular male carried a defend whilst the other two hurled steel-tipped bamboo javelins.[36] In the initial stages of struggle, just one music commander was killed, and also the Song army was momentarily forced to drop back again. In the second engagement, the Zhuang forces couldn't endure the Song infantry fees. The tune infantry hacked in the Zhuang shields with weighty swords and axes although the Fanluo cavalry attacked their wings, breaking their ranks.
The Nùng (pronounced as noong [nuːŋ]) undoubtedly are a Central Tai-Talking ethnic team residing principally in northeastern Vietnam and southwestern Guangxi. The Nùng occasionally get in touch with them selves Thổ, which accurately indicates autochthonous (indigenous or native for the land). Their ethnonym is frequently mingled with that on the Tày as Tày-Nùng.
Regardless of cutting off Guangzhou from water, town was well stocked with provisions, as well as the defenders fought back with crossbow defenses. The district magistrate Xiao Zhu foiled a waterborne attack on Guangzhou by placing fireplace for their ships.[33] soon after 57 times, Zhigao was forced to retreat as more music reinforcements arrived. He held out at Yongzhou, defeating 5 track commanders sent from him. The track called within a veteran from the track–Xia wars, Di Qing, to think command from the anti-rebel forces. He gathered 31,000 Gentlemen and 32 generals, which includes Fanluo tribal cavalry from your northwest that "have been ready to ascend and descend mountains as though walking on amount floor."[34] Lý Thái Tông also presented to mail 20,000 troops nevertheless the provide was refused outside of worry the troops would not depart afterwards.[34]
the 1st member of the Nong clan to get Formal recognition was Nong Minfu. It's not recognised when he was born, but a memorial in early 977 states that the "peaceful and generous" chief Nong Minfu of Guangyuanzhou experienced set up himself above 10 neighboring villages Along with the assistance of Southern Han (907-971). Minfu experienced supported Duan Siping (r. 937–944) of your Dali Kingdom and was rewarded with titles. Duan rewarded Yet another leader in Temo Using the title buxie.[sixteen] The music bestowed the titles "minister of operates" (sigong) and "grand learn of splendid pleasure bearing the golden pocket with purple trimming" (jinzi guanglu daifu) on Minfu.
neighborhood religious services are led by a village shaman who oversees animal sacrifices and conversation With all the spiritual world. character spirits are known as the phi in Nùng cosmology. Ancestor worship is additionally practiced.[58]
วิธีปัดเป่าเรื่องร้ายฮวาริมสัมผัสได้ถึงพลังงานร้ายของผีบรรพบุรุษที่คอยหลอกหลอนคนในตระกูล จึงขอความช่วยเหลือจากผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านฮวงจุ้ย ซังด็อก (ชเว มิน-ชิก) และสัปเหร่อ ยองกึน (ยู แฮ-จิน) ทั้งหมดเดินทางไปยังหลุมศพ ซึ่งตั้งอยู่ในผืนที่ดินลึกลับณ หมู่บ้านที่รกร้างห่างไกลในเกาหลี เพื่อขุดโลงศพขึ้นมาทำพิธี ทว่า เหตุการณ์ทั้งหมดกลับพลิกผันเกินคาดคิด เมื่อการขุดโลงศพจากหลุมฝังครั้งนี้ นำไปสู่การปลดปล่อยสิ่งชั่วร้ายที่มุ่งอาฆาตจะเอาชีวิตทุกคน